Peter hbald



tited tatet PETER HnALDjor TROY, MAINE.'

Letters Patent No. 103,742, dated May 3l, 1.870.v

w IMPRovEMnN'r IN WIND-WHEELS.

The Schedule refemd to in these Lettori Patent and making part of the saune.1

To all whom it may concern.-

' Be it known that L'PETER HEALD, of Troy, in the county-of Waldo and State of Maine, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Wind-W heels; and I do vhereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same, reference being had` to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of my apparatus.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan on line :zi-x.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of the apparatus.

Figure 4 is a horizontal section on line y-y.

Figure 5 represents, in perspective, the rings G G and J J, with their attachments detached.

Figure 6 represents a method of applying a governor to the windlass R.

My invention relatesto. that class of wind-wheels which revolves on a vertical axis, and which is actuated by an excess of force upon one sideof said axis, resulting from the positions of the buckets errance; and

It consists in the arrangement of such a wheel within an inclosing case, by means of which the moving currents of air may be dedectcd upon the vanesof the `wheel in a uniform direction upon one side, and deected away fromv the wheel upon the other side.

It also consists in providing said inclosing-case with adjustable shutters, by means of which said case may be entirely closed, and access of wind to the wheel prevented.

It also consists in the construction and arrangement of devices by means of which the various adj nstments of the wheel and its inclosing case may be eected.

That others may fully understand my invention, its construction and operation, I will particularly describe it.

v The shaft A forms the axis of the wind-wheel., Said shafthas its bearings at top and bottom of a frame formed by the timbers B B, or an equivalentstructnre, and its motion is transmitted to the mechanism to be actuated by any of the well-known larrangements of present an equally angular surface to the wind on allA sides; but, if the shutters E E are opened outward, as shown in fig. 2, then a moving current of air would be' permitted to enter the wheel on one side, but vwould be deflected from the other side, and, as is well known under these circumstances, thewheel would be caused to ,revolve with velocity' proportionate to the force of the wind) A4 uniform speed is Vessential to the snccessfnl operation of any machinery, and itis 'therefore desirable' to attach va governing deviceby means of which the shutters shall rbe automatically closed as the speed is increased, and opened as' it decreases, and thus maintain, within narrow limits, a uniform speed.

I am aware that wind-wheels having the above-described construction, and provided with governing devices, have been made heretofore, and, therefore, do not claim so much of mydevice as is described above, but the devices. hereinafter described I believe to be new.

'Ihc shutters or vaues E E are severally connected by the wire links F to the rings G, which surround and move upon the shaft A. Said links and rings are located at top and bottom of said wheel, so that the yupper and lower ends of the vanes will be simultaneously moved. When the vanes are closed the rings G G move toward each other, and when the'vaues are opened they move away from each other, as is shown in iig. 3.

These simultaneous movements of the vanes and rings G in opposite directions are accomplished in the manner as follows:

Pulley-sheaves H H are inserted in the shaft A, as shown in fig. 3, at points opposite the extreme positions of the rings G, or thereabout. Two cords I I are used, one secured to the upper part and the other to the lower part of the upper ring G. The first passes over the upper sheave and the other passes under the lower sheave, and they are both secured to the lower ring by means of a cleat, or other convenient contrivance. It is apparent then that, when the lower ring moves upward, the upper ring will be correspondingly drawn downward, because the lower cord I will receive tension, and eine versa.

In order. to prevent any possibility of cramping of' the rings G against the shaft A, I attach guide-rings J J, by inflexible arms or connections K, so that irregnlarity of movement or position is obviated.

The governor L is attached to the lower guide-ring J, and operates to raise or depress said ring and its connect-ions as the speed of the wheel is increased or diminished, and, consequently governs and controls the degree of opening presented by the shutters or vanes to the wind.

The frame B is also provided with shutters M M, which open and close similarly to those of the wheel. When the shutters M are closed, then the wheel is entirely shut in. and protected from the wind, and from rain, snow, Sto.

lhe shutters M are controlled byliuk-'pieces N, similar to the links F. They are arranged at'top and bottom of the shutters, and are respectively connected to rings O, which are located at topi and bottom oi' the frame B. outside-of the wheel, and surrounding th shaft A.

. ulating contrivance.

s the ring O is rot-ated about the shaft A' the severa shutters M are simultaneously opened or closed, and this motion is effected by means of arm I and cords Q Q, which pass over pulleys set in the frame Bandthence descend to a windlass, R, or other reg- 1n iigs. 3 and 6 I have shown how an independent governor may be applied to regulate the positions of the outside shutters M, and it will appear evident that the governor may be employed with the outershutters alone, if so desired.

. From the foregoing description it will appear that, by my device, the wheel is not only protected from the deleterious eiiects of criposure to rain, snow, 85e., but itpossesses a double means of regulation; that is, the movable vanes E and the outel1 shutters M, by either of which the propelling-force ofthe wind may be regulated and controlled.

1n addition to the above, there is great advantage in inclosing the wheel in the manner described, for it is thereby relieved from the resistance of the moving currents of airagainst the outer or advancing side, and

the propelling currents are introduced and act with more uniformity of direction.

Having described my invention,

WhatI claim as new is- 1. The combination of a vertical w1nd-wheel,having adjustable vanes E, with an inclosing stationary case, B, provided with adjustable shutters'M, as and for the purpose set forth,

2. The arrangement of the rings G G, (with the 1ink-wires F,) cords I I, and pulleys H H, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination and arrangement ot'- the vanes E, links F, rings G, and governor L, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The arrangement of the shutters M, links N, rings O, arm P, cords Q, and `windlass R, for the purpose set forth.

- PETER HEALD.

lVitnesses:

y E. W. BENNETT,

MINERVA BENNETT. 

